Feasibility Studies for Bookstore and Coffee Shop

CHAPTER I The Project and Its Background This chapter provides all necessary information on the company’s background and nature of business. This includes the company name, location, nature of the business, historical background, mission, vision and core values statement, company objectives and feasibility criteria. Company Name During ancient times, leaves are used as a writing instrument in the form of â€Å"papyrus† which provides the knowledge and ideas that built the early civilization of mankind. It is an instrument which made people survive and improve their everyday life, and also, to help exist the world today. It became our inspiration in putting up a bookstore, the idea of which is to provide information, knowledge, and†¦show more content†¦Feasibility Criteria Innovation. All innovation begins with creative ideas. We define innovation as the successful implementation of creative ideas within an organization. In this view, creativity by individuals and teams is a starting point for innovation; the first is necessary but not sufficient condition for the second. Originality. An original work is one not received from others nor one copied based on the work of others. Accessibility. Accessibility is a general term used to describe the degree to which a product (e.g., device, service, environment) is accessible by as many people as possible. The products that we offer must be accessible to our market at all times Creativity. Creativity is typically used to refer to the act of producing new ideas, approaches or actions, while innovation is the process of both generating and applying such creative ideas in some specific context. CHAPTER II Management Aspect This chapter contains information on the company’s management aspect. It includes the pre-operating period, form of business organization, management control, financing, liabilities of the owner and personnel requirements. A. Pre-operating Period [pic] Figure 1 Gantt Chart B. Form of Business Organization Leaflets bookstore is organized by people who bind themselves through the aid of a written legal agreement to contribute their resourcesShow MoreRelatedDunkin Donuts Essay7050 Words   |  29 Pages(Dunkin’ Brands) 4 Starbucks Coffee (Starbucks Corporations) 4 Leader VS Follower 5 Financial Analysis 6 Liquidity Ratio Analysis 6 Debt Analysis 11 Profitability Analysis 13 Stock Investment Analysis 16 Non-Financial Analysis 20 SWOT Analysis 20 PEST Factor Analysis 23 Product Life Cycle Analysis 24 Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Analysis 25 Conclusions and Observations 27 References 29 Executive Summary People love to drink coffee. Coffee shops, independently owned orRead MoreIce Cream5598 Words   |  23 Pagesstudent, and by Dewey E. Johnson, Ph.D., Professor of Management and Director, Small Business Institute, Sid Craig School of Business, California State University, Fresno. 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B20028002 TMA1 Submit DE100 final Essay - 764 Words

B2028002 Michelle Jacques TMA1 – Part 1. Intelligence tests, are they a measure of distance rather than a measure of strength? Intelligence is an interesting concept and whilst we understand and can agree that it is what differentiates us from other all the other animals it is almost impossible to agree exactly how to measure it. One of the preferred definitions by Dr Jenny Taylor, a clinical physiologist is that â€Å"intelligence is the ability for the organism to adapt itself to the environment in which it finds itself.† This is an extremely broad expression which could be applied to any living thing. The difficulty comes in the very word measurement which implies some form of numerical logic. If we look at known distance measurements one†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, it could be argued that other skills such as the ability to work as part of a team, or the ability to show empathy correspond to more â€Å"real life† sources of intelligence that determine a person’s ability to achieve in life. Such cognition is arguably more complex which leads to the suggestion that other sources of variance such as cultural, environmental and other non-cognitive factors effect and shape a person’s ability to understand and evaluate the world. The idea that IQ differences reflect cultural â€Å"distance† rather than a cognitive â€Å"strength† is simply recognising these factors and implementing contextual testing of a person’s ability through more than one testing basis. B2028002 Michelle Jacques TMA1 – Part 2. This study shows changes in IQ according to the variable of exercise, and observes any difference between the changes for team and individual exercise. It should be noted that the small sample groups, variation in size of sample groups and lack of information on base exercise levels or control of other variables across all groups are limitations of the study. The data also fails to detail any mention of range or outliers which may distort the mean. The study does not aim to detail the effect of exercise on general knowledge. As the general knowledge score does not say whether it was before, after or during the study and provides no comparison, conclusions on

Law of Negligence Public Power

Question: Discuss about the Law of Negligence Public Power. Answer: Introduction: This case consider the issue of economic loss and whether or not a solicitor was liable to a beneficiary for their failure to locate the executor of the deceased estate which led to delay in the administration of the estate. In this case, a firm of solicitors were in possession of a will and were accountable for finding the executor of the will so they could be administered (Barker 2016). The wife of the now deceased executor and beneficiary of the will bought an action against the solicitors because they had taken six years to find the executor. She argued that they owed her duty of care to ensure that the will is administered. Duty of Care, Law of negligence and Law of Tort Factual background (Plaintiff v. Defendant): The defendant solicitors prepared and retained the will of executor for safekeeping. The will led to the appointment of the plaintiff, Mr Hawkins, as the solitary executor and the original beneficiary of the testators estate. No steps were undertaken to contact the plaintiff to notify her of the death of testator or she was the solitary executor of the estate until 1981. In the year 1982, the plaintiff bought an action against the defendant solicitors for their negligence and contract in quest to recover the losses suffered because of delay in undertaking the possession of the estate as executor (Chan 2016). The Supreme Court ruled that the law of tort was based on duty, which was owed to plaintiff originally. The contractual claim was principally based on the contract, which was formed amid the plaintiff and the defendant solicitors. Importance of decision based on law of negligence: Under this case, the high court allowed the plaintiff for the first time ever to recover the complete economic loss due to negligent omission (Ayres 2012). It is worth mentioning that any high court decision in the developing areas of liability for economic loss and negligent omission is vital and the high court willingness to allow for recovery under the Hawkins v. Clayton is an important determinant. The high court clearly ruled that the act of negligent and omission are the root cause for plaintiff economic loss which solely attracts liability (Thompson 2012). The verdict passed by the high court allowed the plaintiff with the opportunity to express her views on this growing area of negligence. It is also learned that the plaintiff endorsing the proximity test as the fitting determinant regarding the presence of duty of care. Concurrent duties in Tort and Contract: It is worth mentioning that in the Hawkins case, the decision passed by the court made a significance contribution with respect to rationalisation and growth of law of negligence. The case further contributes by providing guidelines in determining whether the acts of professional negligence should be brought under tort or contract. In a straightforward judgement, the court ruled that excluding the cases containing certain period of limitations, the liability of a solicitor regarding professional negligence would be considered tortuous act and not contractual (Ayres 2012). The court raised the questions regarding the need to enforce a reasonable term in contract when there was a duty of care imposed by the common law. The court viewed that any such conflict amid the different division of law having contract and tort must be resolved as soon as possible. The court however pointed out that that the solicitor was under the obligations of concurrent contractual duty of care with respect t o his client where the parties to the contract imposed duty of care on the solicitors under original intentions. Significance of decision concerning limitation period in tort: Significance of the decision passed by court was important, as the implications on solicitors cannot be ignored. The defendant solicitors were under the obligation of duty to locate the executor positively and provide her of the content of the clients will even though it had not been retained and it was not a part of contract. The court ruled that the solicitor were handed the duty to take due care of will and this was enough to attract liability (Dobbs 2012). The imposition of this duty solely depends upon the custody of will rather than of the solicitors knowledge of the clients death. The steps undertaken by the solicitor who failed to take any positive action was relevant enough to determine that a breach of duty occurred. The solicitors had the knowledge of clients death and their failure to notify the executor constituted the breach of duty. Reference List: Ayres, I., 2012.Studies in Contract Law. Foundation Press. Barker, K., 2016. Discretionary Power and the Law of Negligence-Public Power, Private Duty. Barker, K., Cane, P., Lunney, M. and Trindade, F., 2012.The law of torts in Australia. Oxford University Press. Chan, G.K., 2016. Finding Common Law Duty of Care from Statutory Duties: All within the Anns Framework.The Tort Law Review. Dobbs, D.B., 2012.The law of torts(Vol. 2). West Group. Thompson, S.D., 2012.Commentaries on the Law of Negligence in All Relations. Rarebooksclub Com.

My Teacher, My Hero free essay sample

In my 16 years existence in life, other than my parents, she is the one who thought me that nothing is impossible if I Just believe in it thats her, my teacher-my hero. She is the one who thought me to be strong in times of failures and never give up the things I wanted most in life, my dreams. There is one phrase, given by my teacher that I will never forget keep looking forward, that phrase encourages me all the time and reminds me to continue looking forward whatever might happen and will happen to me.Even when I am down she cheers me up and encourages me to knish what I have started. I am very proud to describe my favorite teacher to all of you and will share what I have learned from her because she Is my teacher and my hero. She has the most beautiful personality I ever encountered. We will write a custom essay sample on My Teacher, My Hero or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I am proud to say that she Is beautiful Inside and out. She has two small brown sympathetic eyes that showing his tender loving care to us, a pointed nose, and a red rosy lip. She has a short black shiny hair and brown Fallen complexion. My teacher Is a very good example in her young age.She graduated college without having any single affair to anyone that resulted to be a Summary UCM Lauded in our school. She is a very good speaker, listener, and adviser. All students are inspired because of her. She is my English teacher and the one who trained me to be a good writer. During those days, I am extremely inspired to write to the fullest. Writing different articles and interviewing people older than me is challenging. I learned so much about her and about life. I am very thankful having my teacher because of her I am enlightened to do the job what I must do and be responsible every time.For me, the word teacher stands for the one who Teach us, Encourage us, Aspire us, Care for us, Help us, Enhance us and Reminds us who we are and what we are. My teacher may not be wonder girl who has a super natural powers or Darn who has an ability to fly and save the world from evils and enemies but my teacher is the one who will save the future of millions of children and students who wanted to be successful for the coming future. She is not doing it because it is her Job but she is doing it because she is my teacher and my hero.

How to Apply for Community College 9-Step Guide

How to Apply for Community College 9-Step Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Did you know that almost half of all undergrads in the U.S. go to community college? In fact, there are 1,100 community colleges nationwide, and they enroll 13 million students! If you’re looking to make that 13 million and one, read on to learn how to apply forcommunity college: from deciding where to apply to enrolling in classes.Before getting the ball rolling, let’s review what community colleges offer their students and some good reasons to apply. What Can Community Colleges Offer to Students? Most community colleges offer two-year Associate’s degree programs in a wide variety of academic and pre-professional fields. A growing number also offer Bachelor’s degrees, though most of these programs are relatively new and limited in options. People who run community colleges know that not every student wants to stop at their Associate’s degree; in fact, many students attend community college to earn credits and transfer to a four-year college. To ease this transition, lots ofcommunity colleges have â€Å"articulation agreements† with their local state school system. These agreements allow a student to transfer credits smoothly from community college and enter as a junior in a 4-year program. Students can also apply to schools outside of this agreement, but they may need to put a bit more individual effort into making sure their credits will transfer. This plan, often referred to as a â€Å"2 + 2† plan, can have serious financial benefits. Community colleges tend to be more affordable than 4-year institutions, and their flexible class times make it easier for students to work part-time or even full-time jobs. Most community colleges are open access, meaning that all students can enroll(with the exception of a few programs, like nursing and engineering).Many students appreciate the typically small class sizes and attentive professors, who tend to spend most of their time teaching rather than doing research, as with many of their counterparts at research universities. While most community colleges are commuter schools without residential facilities, they oftenoffer clubs, sports teams, and support services that allow students to connect with one another and school staff. These benefits form the basis of the main reasons that students apply to community college. Let’s break down these reasons in a little more detail. It's always good to clarify your reasons before taking a bigleap. Why Do Students Choose Community College? Students apply to community college for a number of reasons. Some high school studentschoose a dual enrollment track, in which they take community college classes to fulfill high school graduation requirements. Some adult students return to school after working for several years to further their education or pursue a new degree or career change. While students at 4-year colleges tend to be around 18 to 22, the average age of students at community college is a little older at 28. For the purposes of this guide, let’s go over the common reasons that students who are about to or who have recently graduated high school choose community college, starting with those looking for professional training. To Get an Associate’s Degree or Professional License Community colleges are an ideal option for students who know they want to go into certain professional fields and are seeking the training or credentials to do so. Some of these occupationsinclude nursing, medical assistants, police officers, engineering technicians, and dental hygienists, among many others. As mentioned above, a fewprograms, like nursing and electrical engineering, may ask forcertain prerequisites from applicants. Usually, these are specific math and science classes in high school and a minimum GPA. Otherwise, the programs are open enrollment. While some students apply with the goal of an Associate’s degree or other certification, others enter community college intending to transfer after a year or more commonly, two years. These next three reasons apply to students looking to transfer and ultimately earn their Bachelor’s degree. Maybe your GPA needs a workout before applying to 4-year colleges. To Strengthen Their GPA For students planning to transfer to a 4-year college, attending community college can be a smart and strategic way to strengthen their GPA. Most 4-year colleges require a GPA of at least 2.0 or 2.5 to apply. For students who had lower grades in high school, taking community college classes can be an opportunity to bring up their grades. They can raise their GPA, earn credits, and transfer to a college to which they may not have been accepted immediately after high school. For students looking to develop their writing and math skills, they can take the time to do so in remedial classes. Any ESL students, furthermore, can hone their language skills in English language classes. Once students have completed a minimum number of credits (usually two years worth), they typically don’t have to send SAT or ACT scores to transfer. This can also help students get into colleges they might not have been able to right after high school. A couple of years in community college can help students strengthen their academic skills and renew their commitment to further education before transferring to a Bachelor’s program. To Figure Out What They Want to Study On a similar note, a year or two in community college can be a good way to figure out what exactly you want to study. Rather than jumping into college feeling unsure about their direction, some students take community classes to explore their options. Since community colleges tend to be a lot less financially burdensome, they make this kind of exploration more feasible. While most community colleges want students to apply to a specific track of study, they do allow you to switch if you want to pursue a different field of study. If you’re planning to transfer, you’d just want to work closely with your advisor to ensure that you’re earning the right credits for a future Bachelor's degree major. Community colleges tend to be a lot less expensive than 4-year schools, as any financialadvisor/ceramic pig worth his weight in pennies will tell you. To Minimize the Financial Burden I’ve mentioned a few times that community colleges tend to be less expensive than 4-year colleges. Exactly how much less expensive are they? According to the National Center for Education, the average community college cost for a year (tuition, materials, other fees) was $9,574 in 2013. While this is a significant sum, it’s less than half of the average for 4-year schoolsof $23,872. In addition to saving money on tuition, community college students are eligible for financial aid, including federal grants, federal loans, state aid, and institutional aid. Plus they may be able to choose evening, weekend, or online classes that allow for a part-time or full-time job. Students considered â€Å"in-state residents† get in-state tuition, which is why most community college students choose schools close to home (along with the convenience of the location). If they transfer to a state school through an articulation agreement, then they further save money with in-state tuition. Ultimately, their diploma comes from the institution from which they graduated, same as any student who attended for four straight years. Now that we’ve gone over the main reasons that students attend community college, let’s go over how you can apply! Do as theAtlantic puffins do. Take things one step at a time. How toApply ForCommunity College, Step by Step As discussed above, most community colleges are open enrollment, so they don’t require as much documentation as do applications to 4-year schools. Every school I know of lets you apply online. Your first step, though, is deciding where to go. Step 1: Decide Where to Apply Since community colleges are open access, you don’t have to send applications to a few different safety,target, and reach schools as you would for other colleges. Instead, unless you're applying to an especially selective track, you canfigure out where you want to go and just apply there. If your main concern is staying close to home, as it is for many students whowill be commuting, then you may simply choose the school in the most convenient location. Most states have several community colleges; Massachusetts has 15 in 24 locations, New York and Texas have over 30, and California has 3! Chances are, you shouldn’t have too much trouble finding local community colleges. Of course, you also want to make sure that the school has the program(s) you want.Researchits website, email theadmissions office, go on a tour, and attend information sessions. These should be available throughout the year, and usually, you can sign up through the school’s website. Simply go to the website and find the â€Å"Visit Us† or â€Å"Information Session† page. That way you can make sure you find the best community colleges withthe programs and resources you need. Once you’ve figured out where to enroll, you can find its online application. Step 2: Fill Out and Submit Your Online Community College Application While many 4-year schools use the Common Application or Universal Application, most community colleges have their own online application portals. A few states offer one system for all of their community colleges, such as California with its â€Å"CCCApply† site. Every college designs its own website, but most will have a tab where you can click â€Å"Apply.† You can see a few examples of the application pages of this northeast community college,Bunker Hill Community College, along with theCommunity College of Philadelphiaand City Colleges of Chicago (note that the Chicago schools have you fill out an initial form and then send you a student ID number to fill out the rest). While they have some differences in design, most community collegeapplications ask for the same details: your name, address, citizenship, residency, high school, and intended major. Most ask for your overall goal, whether you want to earn an Associate’s degree or certificate, acquire personal or professional skills, transfer to a 4-year institution, or enter the workforce. If you’ve already taken some college courses, then you may be able to transfer credits. Additionally, these applications ask if you’re applying for financial aid. Your last step will be providing your electronic signature and hitting submit. As for when to apply for community college, most applicationsare processed within 24 to 48 hours, allowing you to enroll as late as two weeks before the start of classes! I wouldn’t recommend leaving your application this last minute, especially if you're applying for financial aid, but it’s a nice back up in case some other plans fall through. As you can see, you typically don't need to write essays, gather recommendations, or send SAT / ACT scores to community colleges. Generally speaking, the only document you need to provide from your high school is your diploma, GED, or transcript. Step 3: Provide Your High School Diploma, GED, or Transcript Community colleges want to see proof of past or upcoming high school graduation. If you don’t have your diploma from graduation yet or a GED, you should send a copy of your transcript. This will show your expected date of graduation and provide evidence that you’re working toward fulfilling your high school requirements. You can get your transcript from your guidance counseling department. Then you can upload it to your online application, mail, or deliver it to the college in person. If you do have your diploma or GED, you usually don’t need to send your transcript, except for the select programs with their own requirements. You can just send one of those documents. If your school needs your ID, make sureyours has a first name. Step 4: Provide Proof of State Residency, If Applicable If you’re applying for in-state tuition, then you may need to provide proof of in-state residency. Students who have attended high schools in the same state as the community college for more than a year usuallydon’t need to send any further evidence. Your transcript will show that you lived and attended school in-state. If you didn’t attend high school in the state or the college asks for further documentation, you could send a state driver’s license, local bank account, vehicle registration, voter registration, or state or federal income taxes with in-state residential addresses. All of these should be dated at least a year previous. If you’re a dependent, then the document you send should belong to a parent. If you’re an independent, then it should belong to you. If you’re not sure what steps you need to take here, you should contact the community college to get their advice. You wouldn’t want to miss out on financial aid due to confusion with the application. The community college should contact you if there are any issues, but it’s still worthwhile to be proactive and ask them for guidance. Step 5: Submit Your FAFSA Another important financial consideration is applying for federal financial aid with the FAFSA. Your timeline for this may actually fall earlier than your application to community college. The FAFSA application opens up on January 1. As the U.S. Department of Education itself suggests, you should submit your FAFSA as early as possible â€Å"to ensure that you do not miss out on available aid.† Financial aid is another good reason to plan early for college. The FAFSA will ask you to list the colleges to which you’re applying so it can send them your calculated financial need and estimated contribution. If you change your plans, you can sign back in and add a recipient. However, the smoothest plan is to list your community college at the time you apply to FAFSA. In addition to applying for federal financial aid, you might search for and apply to other external scholarships. There are all sorts of scholarships out there with different requirements, so you might find one that seems made just for you! The new student orientation will give you a chance to learn about the school, meet new people, and not have to worry about forgetting anybody's name. Step 6: Attend a New Student Orientation As mentioned above, it’s a good idea to attend a campus tour and an information session before you apply to learn more about your prospective school. Many community colleges also hold orientations for new students. These usually span a day or two and give you information about financial aid, placement testing, student and campus resources and policies, and academic guidance. They may also have you set up a school account and email address. If your school offers its own online portal, then you’ll probably do your class registration and other communication through that. Step 7: Take Placement Tests in Math and English One unique requirement of community colleges is their placement tests. After the college processes your application, you’ll be invited to take placement tests to determine your level for math and English classes. While you don’t have to take the SAT or ACT to enroll, you may find yourself exempt from these placement tests if you havea minimum SAT or ACT score. These vary from school to school, but tend to be around a 450 on SAT Reading or a 47 on ACT English and Readingcombined. For math, schools usually want to see around a 450 on SAT math or a 22 on ACT math. Placement tests don’t affect whether or not you get into community college. Instead, they help to determine what courses you should take in your first semester. It still may be useful to review math and English material before taking them to make sure you don’t end up in a class repeating much of what you already learned in high school. Your advisor's there to help! Step 8: Meet With YourAdvisor By the time you meet with an advisor, you should be all set with enrollment and placement testing. Your advisor can talk to you about the classes you want to take, as well as give you guidance about requirements and classes that could transfer credits to a 4-year school, if that’s in your plans. You can also ask her about opportunities outside of class, like cultural clubs, sports, language groups, and support services. To make the most of this meeting, make sure to research classes and prepare questions. Step 9: Register for Classes Finally, you’ll register for your classes! Full-time students usually take about 4 to 5 classes per semester. The first semester for first yearstends to be highly structured, so you may not have a lot of choice with these first few classes. If your registration is delayed, double check that you’ve paid all your fees and provided all required documentation, like proof of immunization (required for all college students when they start as freshmen - and grad students too, for that matter). Once you’ve registered for classes, you’re all done with the application process! It’s time to settle in and get studying! Now that we’ve gone over the steps for how to apply for community college, is there anything else you can do to get ready? To fully prepare, you must cross a mountain range with nothing but a walking stick and a backpack full of books. How Else Can You Prepare for Community College? While you can technically apply to community college at the last minute, you’d be much better off planning early, like in the winter or spring of senior year. Spend some time researching local community colleges or out of state schoolsand their programs. Attend information sessions, go on a tour, and try to speak to current and former students about their experiences. You should clarify your reasons for attending and overall goals to make sure you’re choosing the best classes and earning the credits you need. Part of this research may also involve learning about the community college’s articulation agreements with state schools and other 4-year schools to which you might ultimately apply. While you may not be sure exactly what 4-year college you’ll eventually transfer to, you can still work closely with your advisor to learn about credit requirements and how and when to apply to Bachelor's programs as a transfer student. As you attend info sessions and meet with your advisor, make sure to prepare some questions about application requirements, class registration, and/or transfer agreements. By gathering all the information you need, you can make the most of your time at community college to learn, earn credits, and work towardyour long-term academic and professional goals. What's Next? Are you also considering 4-year colleges in addition to community colleges or just wondering what the application process is like? To learn more about the process, check out this complete guide to applying to a 4-year college. Are you applying to college, but your GPA is lower than you'd like? Don't be discouraged! Read this guide to learn how to put together a strong college application despite lower than average grades. Colleges can get expensive, so you want to be on the ball about financial aid. This comprehensive guide goes over everything you need to know about applying for financial aid, step by step. 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Summer Solstice in the Northern Hemisphere

Summer Solstice in the Northern Hemisphere June 20-21 is a very important day for our planet and its relationship with the sun. June 20-21 is one of two solstices, days when the rays of the sun directly strike one of the two tropical latitude lines. June 21 marks the beginning of summer in the northern hemisphere and simultaneously heralds the beginning of winter in the southern hemisphere. In 2014, the summer solstice occurs and summer begins in the Northern Hemisphere on Friday, June 21 at 6:51 a.m. EDT, which is 10:51Â  UTC. The earth spins around its axis, an imaginary line going right through the planet between the north and south poles. The axis is tilted somewhat off the plane of the earths revolution around the sun. The tilt of the axis is 23.5 degrees; thanks to this tilt, we enjoy the four seasons. For several months of the year, one half of the earth receives more direct rays of the sun than the other half. When the axis tilts towards the sun, as it does between June and September, it is summer in the northern hemisphere but winter in the southern hemisphere. Alternatively, when the axis points away from the sun from December to March, the southern hemisphere enjoys the direct rays of the sun during their summer months. June 21 is called the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere and simultaneously the winter solstice in the Southern Hemisphere. Around December 21 the solstices are reversed and winter begins in the northern hemisphere. On June 21, there are 24 hours of daylight north of the Arctic Circle (66.5Â ° north of the equator) and 24 hours of darkness south of the Antarctic Circle (66.5Â ° south of the equator). The suns rays are directly overhead along the Tropic of Cancer (the latitude line at 23.5Â ° north, passing through Mexico, Saharan Africa, and India) on June 21. The Reason for Seasons Without the tilt of the earths axis, we would have no seasons. The suns rays would be directly overhead of the equator all year long. Only a slight change would occur as the earth makes its slightly elliptical orbit around the sun. The earth is furthest from the sun about July 3; this point is known as the aphelion and the earth is 94,555,000 miles away from the sun. The perihelion takes place about January 4 when the earth is a mere 91,445,000 miles from the sun. When summer occurs in a hemisphere, it is due to that hemisphere receiving more direct rays of the sun than the opposite hemisphere where it is winter. In winter, the suns energy hits the earth at oblique angles and is thus less concentrated. During spring and fall, the earths axis is pointing sideways so both hemispheres have moderate weather and the rays of the sun are directly overhead the equator. Between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5Â ° latitude south) there really are no seasons as the sun is never very low in the sky so it stays warm and humid (tropical) year-round. Only those people in the upper latitudes north and south of the tropics experience seasons.

Simulation and Its Use in Nursing Education Term Paper

Simulation and Its Use in Nursing Education - Term Paper Example All these are types of simulations which are put in one form or the other. Bottom-line, what they all have in common is that they are all done in a mock situation. This is appropriate because the stake holders perform steadfastly in the clinical setting (Keeping, 2008). Discussion Using simulation, it is simple to bridge the gap between the real condition and the ideal condition. A nursing educator would like to put his or her students into the ideal condition of dealing with real patients. This in reality is not possible because the students are not yet fully qualified to handle real patients in the ideal situation (Brown, Crawford & Hicks, 2003). They might just compromise their health. In order to curb this identified need as required by need assessment, simulation is used. Need assessment is a well choreographed process whereby the gaps or discrepancies between the conditions that are faced now and the ideal conditions are established and addressed appropriately. The students are placed in the ideal situation using simulation. ... Associate degree students who are preparing to handle patients in critical conditions are best taught using simulation. This puts them in an almost real scenario without real danger to the patients. Patients suffering from conditions such as Myocardial infarction and Congestive heart failure are in very critical conditions. In congestive heart failure the heart is not able to pump enough blood that meets all the needs of the body. Myocardial infarction on the other hand is a condition where an interruption occurs to the flow of blood to some part of the heart and as a result the cells of the heart give in and die. These students under simulation feel the real urgency and quagmire in a race to save the patients’ lives. They are compelled to have a rush of adrenalin and adopt enhanced critical thinking. Simulation therefore greatly benefits the medical teaching fraternity by alleviating the risk of harming critically ill patients from the inexperience of student professionals (O rme, 2007). Simulation in these critical conditions is however facing significant challenges. It is such a great huddle to cross in trying to create a precise simulated condition of the real situation that goes down in the operation theatres that handle these critically ill patients (Gomm & Davies, 2000). It might be quite a challenge to implement the practicum. Simulations are only the imitations of the real life scenarios. They are not quite the real thing. Going into a simulation environment with the full knowledge that the environment is only an imitation is such a challenge. It compromises the creativity and ability to learn or teach. In order to mitigate this challenge, it is important to try and forget the fact that a simulation is not the real life scenario. It is possible